Explainers

The EU has adopted sanctions targeting individuals and entities responsible for hybrid threats and campaigns against the EU and its member states.

The European defence industry programme (EDIP) is one of the many initiatives the EU has taken to boost its defence readiness and enhance Europe's defence industry in light of an evolving security landscape.

The EU and the UN are committed to upholding the multilateral system that governs global relations in a way that benefits all. The EU and its member states together are the largest financial contributor to the UN system.

The EU is taking decisive steps towards managing space traffic to ensure the safe, sustainable, and secure use of space as satellite activity increases.

EU member states' defence expenditure sharply increased between 2021 and 2026. The EU has taken a number of initiatives to complement and amplify member states’ individual efforts, and to boost competitiveness.

The EU is stepping up its efforts to remove the regulatory, infrastructure and capability barriers that hinder cross-border military movements in response to serious security threats and challenges. This will also help ramp up the EU's defence readiness.

The EU-NATO strategic partnership is crucial to maintaining security and stability in the Euro-Atlantic area, and to protecting citizens in Europe and beyond.

SAFE is an EU instrument providing loans of up to €150 billion to help EU member states make rapid and significant increases in their defence investments through common procurement.

The EU concludes security and defence partnerships with like-minded non-EU countries to promote peace and security across the world.

The EU facilitates common procurement through different initiatives. Cooperation between member states on defence procurement brings greater efficiency and cost savings.