EU–Indonesia trade: facts and figures
The European Union and Indonesia are working on a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) and an Investment Protection Agreement (IPA) to further deepen their trade and investment relations. In September 2025, the two sides finalised negotiations on the deals.
About Indonesia
Indonesia is the largest economy in Southeast Asia. It is the fourth most populous country on earth, with a population of over 280 million.
The Indonesian economy is booming – for the last 20 years, its GDP has grown at a rate of around 5% each year (with the exception of 2020 and 2021 – due to the COVID-19 pandemic).
Indonesia is a member of ASEAN (the Association of Southeast Asian Nations – a geopolitical and economic organisation of ten countries in Southeast Asia).
Trade in goods
In 2024, trade in goods between the EU and Indonesia was worth over €27 billion, comprising €17.5 billion worth of imports and €9.8 billion of exports. The EU was Indonesia’s fifth-largest trading partner, while Indonesia was the EU’s 33rd-largest trading partner and fifth partner among ASEAN countries.
In the last decade, EU-Indonesia trade in goods has grown by over 24%. Imports have grown by more than one third, while exports have increased by over 10%.
€17.5 billion worth of imports to the EU
€9.8 billion worth of exports from the EU
Top goods the EU exports to Indonesia
non-electrical machinery
chemicals
agricultural products
Top goods the EU imports from Indonesia
agricultural products
mechanical appliances and electrical equipment
other manufactured goods (e.g. footwear)
Trade in services
In 2023 (the last year for which data are available), trade in services between the EU and Indonesia was worth €8.8 billion, comprising €5.7 billion of EU exports and €3.1 billion of EU imports. This represents growth of over 57% within a decade.
€3.1 billion of EU’s imports from Indonesia
€5.7 billion of EU’s exports to Indonesia
Top services in the EU-Indonesia trade
transport services
telecommunications, computer and information services
travel services
R&D, professional and management consultancy services
EU-Indonesia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement
The EU and Indonesia have been negotiating a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) and an Investment Protection Agreement (IPA) since 2016. In July 2025, the President of the European Commission and the President of Indonesia reached a political agreement on the deals. In September 2025, the EU concluded negotiations.
The negotiated draft texts are currently going through the process of legal revision and translation into all official EU languages. The European Commission will then put forward its proposal to the Council for the signing of the CEPA and the IPA. The text will then be forwarded to the European Parliament for its consent. Once this consent is granted, the Council will take a decision on the conclusion of the agreements.
The agreements aim to liberalise trade in goods and services, improve investment protection and enhance regulatory cooperation. 98.5% of Indonesian tariffs on EU goods will be removed. Cutting high Indonesian tariffs of 10% on average and individual tariffs of up to 150% will enable EU exporters to save over €600 million in customs duties paid on their goods entering the Indonesian market.
See also
EU trade legislation
EU trade agreements
EU trade negotiations
Last review: 3 October 2025