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Common Agricultural Policy after 2027 – food security and targeting of support
Ministers had a broader discussion concerning food security and targeting of support as well as crisis preparedness and reserves.They had the opportunity to share their views on whether or not the proposed income support for the common agricultural policy (CAP) after 2027 could achieve the objective of strengthening food security. They also exchanged views about which foodsecurity risks could be addressed by reserves of agricultural products, while keeping a market-orientated common agricultural policy.
There was broad support for ensuring flexibility for member states when implementing the direct payments. Many delegations were sceptical towards the introduction of capping and degressivity. Many considered that direct payments should target farmers who have food production as their main source of income, while others saw the need to provide such support also to part-time farmers. Delegations also expressed general support in relation to food stocks to ensure crisis preparedness, while highlighting the need for ensuring the proper functioning of the market.
The Council also took note of the information from Italy, supported by Bulgaria, Czechia, Hungary, Poland, Portugal and Slovakia under ‘any other business’ on a reform of the common agricultural policy better aimed at addressing future challenges.
Furthermore, the delegations noted the Commission’s non-paper on adjusting the proposal on the future common agricultural policy and the budget structure.
On 16 July 2025, the Commission presented its proposals for the common agricultural policy after 2027. In September, the presidency informed delegations that it would organise thematic discussions on different aspects of the proposals at upcoming Council meetings. The first discussion, at October’s Council meeting, focused on green architecture. The second in November focused on how targeting of support can contribute to food security. The thematic discussions of the future common agricultural policy will be continued at the next Council meeting, 11-12 December 2025, where the theme is expected to be innovation and simplification.
Trade-related agricultural issues, including closer relations between the EU and Ukraine
As a regular discussion item on the Council’s agenda, agriculture ministers discussed trade-related issues and recent developments. In view of the recent entry into force of the updated ‘deep and comprehensive free trade area agreement with Ukraine’,thepresidency proposed putting particular emphasis on the question of closer relations between the EU and Ukraine. The issue of trade with Ukraine has been examined on a regular basis in the Council since Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022.
The Council took note of the information from the Commission and of delegations’ comments.
Delegations noted Ukraine as a major exporter of food and feed to the EU, in part replacing previous exports from Russia. Ukraine also has the potential to be an even more important partner when it comes to issues such as protein diversification.
The Council also exchanged views on recent developments in EU agri-food trade and trade agreements and negotiations at both the bilateral and multilateral level. Many ministers highlighted the need for adequate safeguard measures focusing on sensitive products.
Delegations commented on the trade with the US in a view to improving market access for EU products like wine, spirits, and olive oil. In relation to Mercosur, delegations referred to the need for effective implementation of the safeguard mechanism announced by the Commission.
Under ‘any other business’, the Council also took note of the points raised by Italy and Belgium on the future of the EU’s rice sector and on the Chinese anti-dumping investigation on European pork, respectively.
Today’s discussions underline three priorities: We must focus on food security and targeting of support, we need close agricultural trade with Ukraine, and we need real simplification of EU food regulation.
Jacob Jensen, Danish Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries
Ministers exchanged views on two proposals from the European Commission in one roundtable discussion:
1. Council Regulation fixing for 2026, 2027 and 2028 the fishing opportunities in the Atlantic and North Sea
This concerns fishing opportunities for 2026, 2027 and 2028 for certain fish stocks in EU waters and, for EU vessels, in certain non-EU waters. This is a yearly exercise in fixing fishing opportunities, i.e. the number of fish which can be caught by European Union fishers from the main commercial fish stocks during the coming year (and sometimes subsequent years), also referred to as total allowable catches (TACs). The proposal covers both stocks managed by the EU alone and stocks managed jointly with third countries, such as the United Kingdom and Norway, or through regional fisheries management organisations (RFMOs) across the world's oceans. Like last year, when the Commission proposed TACS for both 2025 and 2026, this proposal contains TACs not only for 2026, but also for 2027 and, in some instances, for 2028, for the fish stocks where scientific advice is available for that period.
2. Council Regulation fixing for 2026 the fishing opportunities in the Mediterranean and Black Seas
Political discussions focused mainly on the measures related to exploiting the fisheries resources under the multiannual plan for the western Mediterranean.
This exchange of views pave the way towards a balanced and well-founded political agreement for fishing opportunities at the December AGRIFISH Council. It also helps in better understanding the various national circumstances.
Jacob Jensen, Danish Minister for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries
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