Explainers

EU rules ensure toys placed on the EU market are among the safest ones in the world.

In crisis situations and exceptional circumstances, member states are authorised to derogate from certain rules and request solidarity and support measures. These are outlined in new rules.

Economic governance is a key pillar of the economic and monetary union. It aims to detect and correct economic imbalances that could weaken national economies or affect other EU countries through cross-border spillovers.

The main sources of revenue for the 2021-2027 budget are member states’ contributions based on their gross national income, value added tax-based resources and custom duties.

The EU has defined a number of basic rights to protect consumers when they use financial products and services, for example when opening a bank account, transferring money, making an investment, taking out a mortgage loan or a consumer credit or setting up a pension plan.

Nature is our lifeline, yet it is deteriorating. The EU nature restoration law sets the first ever binding targets to restore ecosystems, habitats and species.

The European Union is the world’s largest trade bloc in terms of goods and services combined, accounting in 2024 for an estimated 15.8% of world trade.

The EU and Indonesia are working on two agreements in parallel to further deepen their trade and investment relations.

The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) agreement aims to ensure that Iran's nuclear programme will be exclusively peaceful. It lays down the timeline and arrangements for the lifting of nuclear-related sanctions against Iran.