Space traffic management

The EU is taking decisive steps towards managing space traffic to ensure the safe, sustainable, and secure use of space as satellite activity increases.

The growing challenge of space traffic

Space traffic management has become increasingly vital as the number of satellites and space debris in orbit grows. The EU's space assets are at risk due to this growing 'space congestion'.

Out of the 25 900+ satellites launched into orbit since 1957, there are more than 17 600 satellites in space and 15 200 operational (April 2026).

There are several challenges linked to space traffic management that can ultimately have a significant impact on life back on Earth. The most significant ones are:

collision avoidance: over 1 million pieces of debris larger than 1 cm threaten satellites, risking a cascade of collisions known as the Kessler syndrome; the rapid growth of satellite constellations increases the chances of crashes
debris mitigation: space missions should limit the generation of space debris by reducing the risk of break-ups and by developing efficient end-of-life procedures
regulatory frameworks: the lack of a unified EU framework and/or the absence of international agreement at the UN level complicates effective coordination and enforcement
technological gaps: more advanced solutions are needed to coordinate debris removal and precise tracking
private sector involvement: the increasing role of private operators highlights the need for shared practices and accountability in space traffic management

The EU's approach

The EU's approach to space traffic management focuses on addressing the global challenge of orbital congestion and ensuring space accessibility for future generations.

An expected 300 000 additional satellites are to be launched in the next decade.

The EU's focus is on operational safety, industry competitiveness, and international collaboration.

Four pillars

Assessing civilian and military needs

Evaluating the impacts of space traffic on both civil and military operations

Operational capabilities

Developing the capability to track and identify space debris

Legislation and standardisation

Strengthening EU rules and international collaboration on space activities

International partnerships

Engaging with global space-faring nations and organisations for a coordinated approach

Key initiatives

The EU has a multi-pronged approach, with a focus on two key initiatives.

The EU space surveillance and tracking (EU SST) system to play a pivotal role in the EU's space traffic management strategy. With over 40 sensors contributing to its network, EU SST protects more than 520 spacecrafts and supports safe and sustainable operations in increasingly crowded orbits.

The EU industry and start-ups forum (EISF) to drive innovation and competitiveness within the EU's SST commercial sector. With participation from over 80 EU companies / research centres and 150+ stakeholders, EISF fosters collaboration between private enterprises, startups, and research institutions.